Ni ubuhe buryo bukoreshwa mu gukumira amazi mu bijyanye n'ubwubatsi?
Kugeza ubu, mubijyanye nubwubatsi, gukoresha ibicuruzwa bitarinda amazi ni ngombwa cyane.Barashobora kwemeza ko inyubako ziguma zumye kandi zubatswe muburyo butandukanye bwikirere.Ibikurikira nibisanzwe bikoreshwa mubicuruzwa bitarinda amazi mumishinga yubwubatsi:
1. Ipitingi itagira amazi: Ipfunyika amazi ni kimwe mubicuruzwa bikoreshwa cyane n’amazi.Birashobora gukoreshwa hejuru yinzu, kurukuta, hasi, nibindi kugirango bibe icyuma kitagira amazi kugirango hirindwe ko amazi yinjira mumbere yinyubako.
2. Ibibyimba bitarimo amazi: Ibibyimba bitarimo amazi ni ibintu byoroshye kandi byoroshye, ubusanzwe bikozwe muri polymer, reberi cyangwa asfalt.Birashobora gukoreshwa ahantu nko hejuru yinzu, ibisenge hamwe nubwiherero kugirango habeho urwego rutagira amazi mumazu yinyubako kugirango bahagarike kwinjira.
3. kaseti itagira amazi: kaseti itagira amazi ni ibikoresho bifatanye bigizwe nigice cyiza kitarinda amazi kumurongo wubwubatsi no guhuza.Bakunze gukoreshwa hejuru yinzu, idirishya, inzugi zumuryango nibindi byinshi kugirango birinde amazi maremare.
4. Umukozi wo kwagura amazi adafite amazi: Umukozi wo kwagura amazi adakoreshwa ni ibikoresho bifite ubushobozi bwo gukuramo amazi no kwaguka, kandi akenshi bikoreshwa mubutaka butarinda amazi nububiko.Iyo ibikoresho bikurura ubuhehere, byaraguka kandi bigafunga imyenge, bikarema amazi meza.
5. Amashanyarazi adafite amazi nubushuhe bworoshye: Ibibyimba bitarimo amazi nubushuhe bwamazi bifite ibikorwa byombi bitarinda amazi nubushuhe bwamazi, bishobora kubuza ubuhehere kwinjira mugihe byemerera umwuka wumwuka numwuka.Izi membrane zikunze gukoreshwa ahantu nkurukuta, amagorofa nigisenge kugirango inyubako zumuke kandi neza.
6. Urufatiro rwamazi adafite amazi: Urufatiro rwamazi adasukuye amazi ni igikoresho cyihariye kitarinda amazi gikoreshwa mubikorwa byubutaka hamwe nu mwobo.Biraramba cyane kandi birinda amazi kandi birashobora kubuza neza amazi yubutaka kwinjira mumazu.
Birashobora kugaragara ko ikoreshwa ryibicuruzwa bitarimo amazi mumishinga yubwubatsi ari ngombwa cyane.Zishobora gukumira ibyangiritse no kwangirika biterwa nubushuhe, kongera igihe cyakazi cyinyubako, kandi bigatanga ahantu humye, heza kandi hatekanye.Kubwibyo, abubatsi naba injeniyeri bakeneye guhitamo neza no gushyira mubikorwa ibicuruzwa bitarinda amazi mugihe cyo gutegura no kubaka inyubako.
Ni bangahe uzi ku buzima bwashize nubu bwo kwirinda amazi?
Ubushakashatsi niterambere ryibicuruzwa bitarimo amazi birashobora gukurikiranwa igihe kirekire.Hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga hamwe nubwihindurize bukomeje kubakoresha, tekinoroji idafite amazi nayo yagiye ikomeza kunozwa no guhanga udushya.Hano hari ibintu by'ingenzi byagaragaye mu iterambere n'amateka y'ibicuruzwa bitangiza amazi:
Ibicuruzwa bitangiza amazi hakiri kare:
Ikoranabuhanga rya mbere ryirinda amazi rishobora kuva mu mico ya kera.Abantu bakoresha ibikoresho bisanzwe nkibishashara, asfalt, resin, nibindi kugirango bakore uburyo bworoshye bwo kwirinda amazi kubintu, nkubwato ninyubako.icyiciro cy'iterambere:
1. Mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20, abantu batangiye gukora ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo kwirinda amazi.Kimwe mu bicuruzwa bya mbere by’ubucuruzi bitarinda amazi ni umwenda utarimo amazi watangijwe n’isosiyete yo muri Amerika "Gore-Tex" mu 1978. Umwenda wakoreshejwe cyane mu bintu byiza bitagira amazi kandi uhumeka kandi umaze kugera ku ntsinzi nini muri siporo yo hanze ndetse no mu rwego rwa gisirikare.
2. Hamwe niterambere ryiterambere rya siyanse nikoranabuhanga, hari byinshi bimaze kugerwaho mubushakashatsi no guteza imbere ibicuruzwa bitarinda amazi.Ibice byingenzi bya R&D no kunoza harimo gutwikira amazi, tekinoroji yo gufunga, nanotehnologiya nibindi.Ikoreshwa ryikoranabuhanga rituma ibicuruzwa bitarinda amazi biramba kandi bifite urwego rwo hejuru rwimikorere idakoresha amazi.
Ibicuruzwa bigezweho bitangiza amazi:
1. Ibicuruzwa bigezweho bitarimo amazi bikoreshwa cyane mumazu, imodoka, imyambaro, ibicuruzwa byo hanze, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki nizindi nzego.Kurugero, ibikoresho byo munzu bifata amazi birashobora kubuza ubushuhe kwinjira mumiterere, impuzu zidafite amazi zirashobora kurinda imibiri yimodoka, ibitambara bitarinda amazi birashobora gukoreshwa mugukora amakoti ninkweto zidafite amazi, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bitagira amazi birashobora gukoreshwa mubikorwa byo mumazi no mubikorwa byo hanze, nibindi.
2. Hariho kandi ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe bitarinda amazi kubisabwa bidasanzwe, nk'imyenda yo kwibira hamwe n'ibikoresho byo kwibira, amasaha adakoresha amazi na terefone zigendanwa zidafite amazi, n'ibindi.
Muri make, ubushakashatsi niterambere ryibicuruzwa bitarimo amazi byanyuze mubyiciro byinshi no guhanga udushya, kuva mubuvuzi bworoshye bworoshye bwo kwirinda amazi kugeza nubuhanga bugezweho bwo gukoresha amazi.Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere, turashobora kwitega ko ibicuruzwa bitarinda amazi bizagira urwego rwo hejuru rwimikorere idakoresha amazi kandi bigakoreshwa mubice byinshi byimirima.
Ni ubuhe bushakashatsi buheruka gukorwa ku bicuruzwa bitarimo amazi muri 2023?
Nkubu, ubushakashatsi buheruka kubicuruzwa bitarimo amazi muri 2023 biracyakomeza, ntabwo rero nshobora gutanga ibisubizo nyabyo byubushakashatsi.Ariko, ndashobora gusangira ibice bimwe byubushakashatsi hamwe nuburyo bujyanye n’ikoranabuhanga ridakoresha amazi kugirango ngufashe gusobanukirwa niterambere rigezweho.
1. Ubushakashatsi bwibikoresho: Abahanga bagiye bashakisha ibikoresho bikomeye kandi biramba bitarinda amazi kugirango banoze imikorere yibicuruzwa bitarimo amazi.Ibikoresho bakora ubushakashatsi birimo polymers, nanomateriali na coatings kugirango ibicuruzwa birusheho kutagira amazi.
2. Nanotehnologiya: Nanotehnologiya igira uruhare runini mubushakashatsi no guteza imbere ibicuruzwa bitarinda amazi.Abahanga bifashisha imiterere yihariye ya nanoparticles kugirango batezimbere ibikoresho bitarinda amazi.Nanomaterial irashobora gukora hydrophilique nkeya kurwego rwa micro na nano, bityo bigatanga ingaruka nziza zo kwirinda amazi.
3. Biomimicry: Abashakashatsi batewe inkunga nuburyo butarinda amazi bwibinyabuzima bimwe na bimwe muri kamere kandi bagerageza gukoresha ubwo buryo mugushushanya ibicuruzwa bitarinda amazi.Kurugero, amababi ya lotus afite ubushobozi bwo kwisukura no kutirinda amazi, abahanga rero barimo kwiga uburyo bwo gukoresha iyo mitungo kugirango batezimbere ibicuruzwa bitangiza amazi.
4. Ibicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki byoroshye: Hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga rya elegitoroniki ryoroshye, abashakashatsi barimo gushakisha uburyo bwo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ridafite amazi kubicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki byoroshye.Muri ubu buryo, abakoresha barashobora gukoresha ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byoroshye bifite ubushobozi buke bwo gukoresha amazi mumazi, nkamasaha yubwenge, terefone igendanwa, nibindi.
Ni ngombwa kumenya ko kubera ubushakashatsi n’iterambere bigoye, bishobora gufata igihe kugirango tekinolojiya mishya itangiza amazi iboneke ku isoko.Nyamara, ibice byubushakashatsi hamwe nuburyo twavuze haruguru byerekana ko dushobora kwitega kubona ibicuruzwa byiza kandi byateye imbere bitarinda amazi mumyaka mike iri imbere.
Ni izihe nyungu z'ibicuruzwa bitagira amazi bituruka ku miti ya popar?
Nkubu, ubushakashatsi buheruka kubicuruzwa bitarimo amazi muri 2023 biracyakomeza, ntabwo rero nshobora gutanga ibisubizo nyabyo byubushakashatsi.Ariko, ndashobora gusangira ibice bimwe byubushakashatsi hamwe nuburyo bujyanye n’ikoranabuhanga ridakoresha amazi kugirango ngufashe gusobanukirwa niterambere rigezweho.
1. Ubushakashatsi bwibikoresho: Abahanga bagiye bashakisha ibikoresho bikomeye kandi biramba bitarinda amazi kugirango banoze imikorere yibicuruzwa bitarimo amazi.Ibikoresho bakora ubushakashatsi birimo polymers, nanomateriali na coatings kugirango ibicuruzwa birusheho kutagira amazi.
2. Nanotehnologiya: Nanotehnologiya igira uruhare runini mubushakashatsi no guteza imbere ibicuruzwa bitarinda amazi.Abahanga bifashisha imiterere yihariye ya nanoparticles kugirango batezimbere ibikoresho bitarinda amazi.Nanomaterial irashobora gukora hydrophilique nkeya kurwego rwa micro na nano, bityo bigatanga ingaruka nziza zo kwirinda amazi.
3. Biomimicry: Abashakashatsi batewe inkunga nuburyo butarinda amazi bwibinyabuzima bimwe na bimwe muri kamere kandi bagerageza gukoresha ubwo buryo mugushushanya ibicuruzwa bitarinda amazi.Kurugero, amababi ya lotus afite ubushobozi bwo kwisukura no kutirinda amazi, abahanga rero barimo kwiga uburyo bwo gukoresha iyo mitungo kugirango batezimbere ibicuruzwa bitangiza amazi.
4. Ibicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki byoroshye: Hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga rya elegitoroniki ryoroshye, abashakashatsi barimo gushakisha uburyo bwo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ridafite amazi kubicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki byoroshye.Muri ubu buryo, abakoresha barashobora gukoresha ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byoroshye bifite ubushobozi buke bwo gukoresha amazi mumazi, nkamasaha yubwenge, terefone igendanwa, nibindi.
Ni ngombwa kumenya ko kubera ubushakashatsi n’iterambere bigoye, bishobora gufata igihe kugirango tekinolojiya mishya itangiza amazi iboneke ku isoko.Nyamara, ibice byubushakashatsi hamwe nuburyo twavuze haruguru byerekana ko dushobora kwitega kubona ibicuruzwa byiza kandi byateye imbere bitarinda amazi mumyaka mike iri imbere.
Ni izihe ntambwe zo kubaka amazi adakorwa na chimique ya popar?
Kubireba inzira yo kubaka, hagomba gukurikizwa intambwe zikurikira:
1.Kuraho ubuso bwibanze (ubuso bwibanze bugomba gusukurwa, nta mazi meza)
2.Kangura hanyuma uvange JS cementLstand = 1: 0.5: 0.5 (Irashobora kugabanywamo inshuro 2-3 hanyuma ikabyutsa)
3.Tangira kubaka, koza inshuro imwe itambitse kandi uhagaritse, (Ntugashyire umubyimba mwinshi bwa mbere)
4.Nyuma yububiko bwubatswe bwumutse, suka amazi kugirango ubungabunge. (Inzira yo kubungabunga irasabwa kuba iminsi 2-3)
Ni izihe serivisi z'ubucuruzi bwo hanze zishobora kuguha imiti ya popar?
imiti ya popar yiyemeje gutanga ubucuruzi bwiza bwo mu rwego rwo hejuru na serivisi nyuma yo kugurisha kubakiriya bo hanze, harimo:
1. Kugisha inama no guhitamo ibicuruzwa: Popar Chemical ifite itsinda ryabacuruzi babigize umwuga rishobora gutanga inama zirambuye kubiranga ibicuruzwa, imirima ikoreshwa, uburyo bwo gukoresha, nibindi, kandi bigasaba ibicuruzwa byiza kubakiriya ukurikije ibyo bakeneye byihariye.
2. Icyitegererezo: Kugirango dufashe abakiriya kumva neza no gusuzuma imikorere yibicuruzwa, imiti ya popar irashobora gutanga icyitegererezo kubuntu kubakiriya kugirango bapimwe kandi babisuzume.
3. Serivise yihariye: Kubakiriya bafite ibibazo byihariye, imiti ya popar irashobora gutanga ibicuruzwa byabigenewe hamwe nibisubizo kugirango ibicuruzwa bishobore kuba byujuje ibyifuzo byabakiriya.
4. Gutanga byihuse: Popar Chemical ikorana cyane nabafatanyabikorwa mu gutanga ibikoresho kugirango batange serivisi zihuse kandi zizewe kugirango ibicuruzwa bigezwa kubakiriya ku gihe.
5. Inkunga nyuma yo kugurisha: imiti ya popar itanga ubufasha bwumwuga nyuma yo kugurisha, harimo kuyobora ibyashizweho, amahugurwa ya tekiniki hamwe ninama nyuma yo kugurisha.Abakiriya barashobora kuvugana na popar chimique nyuma yo kugurisha igihe icyo aricyo cyose kugirango babone ubufasha bwa tekiniki nibisubizo.6. Itumanaho ku gihe: Popar Chemical yibanda ku itumanaho ryiza nabakiriya, isubiza ibibazo byabakiriya nibibazo mugihe gikwiye, kandi itanga ibisubizo bifatika.
7. Ubwishingizi bufite ireme: Popar Chemical igenzura cyane ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa kandi ikurikiza amahame mpuzamahanga n’inganda ngenderwaho kugirango iha abakiriya ibicuruzwa na serivisi byujuje ubuziranenge.
Binyuze mu bucuruzi bwo mu rwego rwo hejuru buvuzwe haruguru na serivisi nyuma yo kugurisha, imiti ya popar yiyemeje gushyiraho umubano w’igihe kirekire w’amakoperative n’abakiriya bo mu mahanga, ubaha ibicuruzwa n’inkunga ishimishije, ndetse no kugera ku ntsinzi hamwe.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-28-2023